Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu; Alo Oluwole Joseph

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

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Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu, Alo Oluwole Joseph

Published in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 10, Issue 1)

Received: 22 April 2020 Accepted: 14 May 2020 Published: 18 January 2021

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Abstract

The study was carried out to assess women’s participation in non-farm activities and its effects on their household income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire containing open and close end questions which were administered among the rural women farmers in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 96 respondents. The data collection was analyzed using descriptive (frequency tables and percentage) statistics. The study revealed that most of the respondents were married with a total of 64.2% having a household mean of 2.3, mostly Christians with a total of 46.3% having a mean of1.74 mostly adults between the ages of 41-50 years with a total of 41.6% having a mean of 47, mostly learned with a total of 55.4% having a mean of 3.62, mostly large farm owners with a total of 7-9 acres having a mean of 5.61. Results showed that most of the respondents who engaged in non-farm activities have higher household income compared to those who do not (X=3.54 and X=3.34). It is therefore recommended that the government and private organizations involved in farming should make adequate capital available to poor farmers by granting loan and also introduce relevant training programs and introduction of high yielding technologies.

Published in	Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
Page(s)	1-6
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Non-farm Activities, Income, Participation, Household and Rural Women

References

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[2]	Adjognon, G. S., Liverpool-Tasie, L. S. O., Benfica, R. M., and De la Fuente, A. (2017). Rural non-farm employment and household welfare. Malawi: World bank policy research, paper no. 8096: 66.
[3]	Barrett, C. B.; Clark, M. B.; Clay, D. C.; Reardon, T.. (2015). Heterogeneous constraints, incentives and income diversiﬁcation strategies in rural Africa.. Q. J. Int. Agric., 44, 37-60.
[4]	De Brauw, A., Mueller, V. And Lim Lee, H. (November, 2013). The Role of Rural-Urban Migration in the Structural Transformation of Sub-Saharan Africa’, World Development, early online.
[5]	Haggblade S., Hazell P. and Reardon T. (2010). The rural non-farm economy. prospects for growth and poverty reduction, world development, 38 (10), 1429 - 1441.
[6]	Ivanic M., and Martin W.. (2017). Sectoral Productivity Growth and Poverty Reduction: National and Global Impacts.. World development Maritime, World development Maritime C. Rural non-farm activities and poverty alleviation in sub-Saharan Africa. NRI Policy, series 14.
[7]	Janvry A. D. and Sadoulet E. (2010). Agriculture for development in Africa: business as usual or new departures? Journal of African economies, 19 (AERC Supplement 2), 7-11.
[8]	Ovwigho B. O and Ifie P. A. (2009). Principles of youth development in Africa. Benin city: Ethiope publishers.
[9]	Olanipekun A. A. and Kuponiyi F. A. (December 2010). The Contribution of Livelihood Diversification to Rural Households Welfare in Ogbomoso Agricultural Zone of Oyo State, Nigeria. Ogbomoso: NJRS Vol. 11, No 2.
[10]	Nagler, P. and Naudé, W. (2014). Non-farm Entrepreneurship in Rural Africa: Patterns and Determinants’, IZA Discussion Paper no. 8008, Bonn: IZA, Institute for the Study of labour of Labour.
[11]	Rijkers, B. and Costa, R.. (2012). Gender and rural non-farm entrepreneurship. world development Vol. 40, No. 12, 2411-2426.
[12]	Saliu, O. J. and Adedayo, F. H. (2010, December). Non – Farm Income and Technology Adoption among Rural Farmers in Yagba East Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria, NJRS Vol. 11. pp. 50-57.
[13]	Mezid, N. (2014): Determinants of Off-farm Employment: Case of Abesge Woreda, Guraga
[14]	Zone, SNNPRS, Ethiopia: Developing Countries Studies: Journal of IISTE Vol. 4 (7): PP 39-51.

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Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu, Alo Oluwole Joseph. (2021). Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 10(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

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ACS Style

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu; Alo Oluwole Joseph. Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income. Agric. For. Fish. 2021, 10(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

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AMA Style

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu, Alo Oluwole Joseph. Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income. Agric For Fish. 2021;10(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

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@article{10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11,
  author = {Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu and Alo Oluwole Joseph},
  title = {Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20211001.11},
  abstract = {The study was carried out to assess women’s participation in non-farm activities and its effects on their household income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire containing open and close end questions which were administered among the rural women farmers in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 96 respondents. The data collection was analyzed using descriptive (frequency tables and percentage) statistics. The study revealed that most of the respondents were married with a total of 64.2% having a household mean of 2.3, mostly Christians with a total of 46.3% having a mean of1.74 mostly adults between the ages of 41-50 years with a total of 41.6% having a mean of 47, mostly learned with a total of 55.4% having a mean of 3.62, mostly large farm owners with a total of 7-9 acres having a mean of 5.61. Results showed that most of the respondents who engaged in non-farm activities have higher household income compared to those who do not (X=3.54 and X=3.34). It is therefore recommended that the government and private organizations involved in farming should make adequate capital available to poor farmers by granting loan and also introduce relevant training programs and introduction of high yielding technologies.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income
AU  - Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu
AU  - Alo Oluwole Joseph
Y1  - 2021/01/18
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
AB  - The study was carried out to assess women’s participation in non-farm activities and its effects on their household income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire containing open and close end questions which were administered among the rural women farmers in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 96 respondents. The data collection was analyzed using descriptive (frequency tables and percentage) statistics. The study revealed that most of the respondents were married with a total of 64.2% having a household mean of 2.3, mostly Christians with a total of 46.3% having a mean of1.74 mostly adults between the ages of 41-50 years with a total of 41.6% having a mean of 47, mostly learned with a total of 55.4% having a mean of 3.62, mostly large farm owners with a total of 7-9 acres having a mean of 5.61. Results showed that most of the respondents who engaged in non-farm activities have higher household income compared to those who do not (X=3.54 and X=3.34). It is therefore recommended that the government and private organizations involved in farming should make adequate capital available to poor farmers by granting loan and also introduce relevant training programs and introduction of high yielding technologies.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu

Department of Agricultural Extension and Communication Technology, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
Alo Oluwole Joseph

Department of Agricultural Resource Economics, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria

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APA Style

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu, Alo Oluwole Joseph. (2021). Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 10(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

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ACS Style

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu; Alo Oluwole Joseph. Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income. Agric. For. Fish. 2021, 10(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

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AMA Style

Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu, Alo Oluwole Joseph. Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income. Agric For Fish. 2021;10(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11,
  author = {Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu and Alo Oluwole Joseph},
  title = {Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income},
  journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
  volume = {10},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20211001.11},
  abstract = {The study was carried out to assess women’s participation in non-farm activities and its effects on their household income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire containing open and close end questions which were administered among the rural women farmers in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 96 respondents. The data collection was analyzed using descriptive (frequency tables and percentage) statistics. The study revealed that most of the respondents were married with a total of 64.2% having a household mean of 2.3, mostly Christians with a total of 46.3% having a mean of1.74 mostly adults between the ages of 41-50 years with a total of 41.6% having a mean of 47, mostly learned with a total of 55.4% having a mean of 3.62, mostly large farm owners with a total of 7-9 acres having a mean of 5.61. Results showed that most of the respondents who engaged in non-farm activities have higher household income compared to those who do not (X=3.54 and X=3.34). It is therefore recommended that the government and private organizations involved in farming should make adequate capital available to poor farmers by granting loan and also introduce relevant training programs and introduction of high yielding technologies.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessing Women’s Participation in Non-farm Activities and Its Effects on Their Household Income
AU  - Wole-Alo Felicia Itunnu
AU  - Alo Oluwole Joseph
Y1  - 2021/01/18
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
T2  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO  - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5648
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20211001.11
AB  - The study was carried out to assess women’s participation in non-farm activities and its effects on their household income in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the use of a well-structured questionnaire containing open and close end questions which were administered among the rural women farmers in the study area. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 96 respondents. The data collection was analyzed using descriptive (frequency tables and percentage) statistics. The study revealed that most of the respondents were married with a total of 64.2% having a household mean of 2.3, mostly Christians with a total of 46.3% having a mean of1.74 mostly adults between the ages of 41-50 years with a total of 41.6% having a mean of 47, mostly learned with a total of 55.4% having a mean of 3.62, mostly large farm owners with a total of 7-9 acres having a mean of 5.61. Results showed that most of the respondents who engaged in non-farm activities have higher household income compared to those who do not (X=3.54 and X=3.34). It is therefore recommended that the government and private organizations involved in farming should make adequate capital available to poor farmers by granting loan and also introduce relevant training programs and introduction of high yielding technologies.
VL  - 10
IS  - 1
ER  -

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