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Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Mentha viridis

Received: 22 August 2017     Accepted: 12 September 2017     Published: 17 October 2017
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Abstract

The study was aimed to investigate essential oil chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from leaves of Mentha viridis. The oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), to determine the chemical composition of the volatile fraction and identify their chemo-types. The essential oil of M. viridis leaves were tested against four standard bacterial species: two Gram-positive bacteria viz, Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8236) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), two Gram-negative bacterial strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and fungal strains viz, Candida albicans (ATCC 7596) using the agar plate diffusion method. GC-MS analysis revealed that M. viridis was constituted by D-Carvone (64.63%) as a major component followed by D-Limonene (12.27%), (-)-8-p-Menthen- 2-yl, acetate, trans (2.59%), Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl - 5- (1-methylethenyl) (2.36%), Eucalyptol (2.28%), 3-Hexadecyne (1.82%), Caryophyllene (1.72%), Beta–myrcene (1.43%), Trans-Carveyl acetate (1.37%), (-). Beta-Bourbonene (1.08%), and other traces compounds. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of M. viridis dissolved in methanol (1:10), showed high activity against the Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli & P. aeruginosa) (17 & 16 mm). It also showed against Gram positive bacteria (B. subtilis & S. aureus) (16 & 15 mm) and against (C. albicans) (16 mm). This study conducted for essential oil of M. viridis leaves proved to have potent activities against antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Published in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12
Page(s) 60-66
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

In-vitro, Antimicrobial Activity, Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Essential Oils, Mentha viridis (Leaves)

References
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[2] Peter K. V. (2001). Hand book of Herb and Spices. Wood head publishing limited, Abington.
[3] Kalemba, D. and Kunicka, A. (2003). Antibacterial and antifungal properties of essentials oils. Curr Med Chem.; May, 10 (10): 813-839.
[4] Dorman, H. J., Kosar, M., Kahlos, K., Holm, Y., Hiltunen, R., (2003). Antioxidant prosperities and composition of aqueous extracts from Mentha species, hybrids, varieties and cultivars. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51, 4563–4569.
[5] Jirovetz, L., Buchbauer, G., Shabi, M., Ngassoum, M. B., (2002). Comparative investigation of essential oil and volatiles of spearmint. Perfum. Flav. 27, 16–22.
[6] Yonis, Y. M., Beshir, S. M., (2004). Carvone rich essential oil from Mentha longifolia (L) Huds. Ssp. Schimperi Briq. and Mentha spicata L. grown in Sudan. J. Essent. Oil Res. 16: 539–541.
[7] Lawrence, B. M., (2006). Mint: The Genus Mentha. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
[8] Franzios, G., Mirotsou, M., Hatziapostolou, E., Kral, J., Scouras, Z. G., Mavragani-Tsipidou, P., (1997). Insecticidal and genotoxic activities of mint essential oils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 45, 2690–2694.
[9] Shaikh, S., Yaacob, H. B. and Rahim, Z. H. A. (2014). Prospective role in treatment of major illnesses and potential benefits as a safe insecticide and natural food presertive of mint (Mentha spp.): a review. Asian J. Biomed. Pharm. Sci., 4 (35): 1-12.
[10] Rita, P. and Animesh, D. K. (2011). An update overview on peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 8 (2): 1-10.
[11] McKay, D. L. and Blumberg, J. B. (2006). A review of the bioactivity and potential healt benefits of peppermint tea (Mentha piperita L.). Phytother. Res., 20 (8): 619-­-633.
[12] Kumar, P., Mishra, S., Malik, A. and Satya, S. (2011). Insecticidal properties of Mentha species: A review. Ind. Crop. Prod., 34 (1): 802-­-817.
[13] Maffei M., Bertea, C. M. and Mucciarelli, M. (2006). Anatomy, physiology, biosynthesis, molecular biology, tissue culture, and biotechnology of mint essential oil production. In B. M. Lawrence (Ed.), Mint. The genus Mentha. Medical and Aromatic Plants–Industrial Profiles (pp. 42-77). Boca Raton, London, New York: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group.
[14] http://www.mountainroseherbs.com/spearmint.php, (2010).
[15] Adams, R. P. (2001). Identification of essential oil components by Gas Chromatography /Mass Spectrometry. Allured Publishing Corp. Illinois.
[16] Kavanagh, F. (1972). Analytical Microbiology, Vol II Academic press (Pub) New York and London, pp 11.
[17] Verma R. S., Padalia R. C. and Chauhan A. (2010). “Chemical profiling of Mentha spicata L. var. ‘viridis’ and Mentha citrata L. cultivars at different stages from the Kumaon region of western Himalaya”, Med. Arom. Plant Sci. Biotechnol., 4: 73-76.
[18] Chauhan R. S., Kaul M. K., Shahi A. K., Kumar A., Ram G. and Tawa A. (2009). “Chemical composition of essential oils in Mentha spicata L. accession [IIIM(J)26] from north west Himalayan region, India”, Indust. Crops Prod., 29: 654-656.
[19] Lixandru, B.; Dracea, N.; Dragomirescu, E.; Coldea, I.; Dobre, E. and Rovinaru, C. (2010). Antimicrobial activity of plant essential oil against bacterial and fungal species involving in food poisoning. Cantacuzino “National Institute of Research-Development of Microbiology and Immunology, Bucharest, Romania.
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    Osman Yahia Balla, Mahmoud Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Ismail Garbi, Ahmed Saeed Kabbashi. (2017). Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Mentha viridis. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2(5), 60-66. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12

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    ACS Style

    Osman Yahia Balla; Mahmoud Mohamed Ali; Mohamed Ismail Garbi; Ahmed Saeed Kabbashi. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Mentha viridis. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2017, 2(5), 60-66. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12

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    AMA Style

    Osman Yahia Balla, Mahmoud Mohamed Ali, Mohamed Ismail Garbi, Ahmed Saeed Kabbashi. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Mentha viridis. Biochem Mol Biol. 2017;2(5):60-66. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12,
      author = {Osman Yahia Balla and Mahmoud Mohamed Ali and Mohamed Ismail Garbi and Ahmed Saeed Kabbashi},
      title = {Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Mentha viridis},
      journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {60-66},
      doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20170205.12},
      abstract = {The study was aimed to investigate essential oil chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from leaves of Mentha viridis. The oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), to determine the chemical composition of the volatile fraction and identify their chemo-types. The essential oil of M. viridis leaves were tested against four standard bacterial species: two Gram-positive bacteria viz, Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8236) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), two Gram-negative bacterial strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and fungal strains viz, Candida albicans (ATCC 7596) using the agar plate diffusion method. GC-MS analysis revealed that M. viridis was constituted by D-Carvone (64.63%) as a major component followed by D-Limonene (12.27%), (-)-8-p-Menthen- 2-yl, acetate, trans (2.59%), Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl - 5- (1-methylethenyl) (2.36%), Eucalyptol (2.28%), 3-Hexadecyne (1.82%), Caryophyllene (1.72%), Beta–myrcene (1.43%), Trans-Carveyl acetate (1.37%), (-). Beta-Bourbonene (1.08%), and other traces compounds. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of M. viridis dissolved in methanol (1:10), showed high activity against the Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli & P. aeruginosa) (17 & 16 mm). It also showed against Gram positive bacteria (B. subtilis & S. aureus) (16 & 15 mm) and against (C. albicans) (16 mm). This study conducted for essential oil of M. viridis leaves proved to have potent activities against antimicrobial activity in vitro.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Mentha viridis
    AU  - Osman Yahia Balla
    AU  - Mahmoud Mohamed Ali
    AU  - Mohamed Ismail Garbi
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12
    T2  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    JF  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
    JO  - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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    SN  - 2575-5048
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20170205.12
    AB  - The study was aimed to investigate essential oil chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils extracted from leaves of Mentha viridis. The oil was extracted by hydrodistillation method and analyzed by Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), to determine the chemical composition of the volatile fraction and identify their chemo-types. The essential oil of M. viridis leaves were tested against four standard bacterial species: two Gram-positive bacteria viz, Bacillus subtilis (NCTC 8236) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), two Gram-negative bacterial strains Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and fungal strains viz, Candida albicans (ATCC 7596) using the agar plate diffusion method. GC-MS analysis revealed that M. viridis was constituted by D-Carvone (64.63%) as a major component followed by D-Limonene (12.27%), (-)-8-p-Menthen- 2-yl, acetate, trans (2.59%), Cyclohexanol, 2-methyl - 5- (1-methylethenyl) (2.36%), Eucalyptol (2.28%), 3-Hexadecyne (1.82%), Caryophyllene (1.72%), Beta–myrcene (1.43%), Trans-Carveyl acetate (1.37%), (-). Beta-Bourbonene (1.08%), and other traces compounds. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil of M. viridis dissolved in methanol (1:10), showed high activity against the Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli & P. aeruginosa) (17 & 16 mm). It also showed against Gram positive bacteria (B. subtilis & S. aureus) (16 & 15 mm) and against (C. albicans) (16 mm). This study conducted for essential oil of M. viridis leaves proved to have potent activities against antimicrobial activity in vitro.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTMRI), National Center for Research, Khartoum, Suda

  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, International University of Africa, Khartoum, Sudan

  • Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, International University of Africa, Khartoum, Sudan

  • Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTMRI), National Center for Research, Khartoum, Suda

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