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Upregulated Genes in Contact Co-culture of Osteoblasts and Sympathetic Neuronal Cells
Masahiko Okubo,
Tsuyoshi Sato
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
1-4
Received:
13 January 2023
Accepted:
14 February 2023
Published:
4 March 2023
Abstract: Many works have been done on the interaction between neurons and osteoblasts. However, the cells used in our previous study were derived from mouse and rat, and it is impossible to exclude the possibility of cross-reactivity of the mouse and rat probes Osteoblasts cell line labeled with red fluorescent protein and sympathetic neuronal cell line labeled with green fluorescent protein were generated. A DNA microarray analysis was conducted by using these cell line in co-culture system. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “axon” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Eight genes, i.e., neuropilin 1, growth associated protein 43, dopamine receptor D2, plexin A2, disabled 1, ephrin receptor A7, ephrin B2, and fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 3 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of osteoblasts were upregulated in contact co-culture with sympathetic neuronal cells. It was filtered for genes with a ratio more than 2.0-fold in the biological process category by the search term “osteoblast” and cellular component by the search term “membrane”. Four genes, i.e., gap junction protein, alpha 1, collagen, type VI, alpha 1 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 were found. The molecules expressed on the plasma membrane of neurons were upregulated in co-culture with osteoblasts. These molecules may be candidates for factors that promote osteoblast differentiation and neural differentiation.
Abstract: Many works have been done on the interaction between neurons and osteoblasts. However, the cells used in our previous study were derived from mouse and rat, and it is impossible to exclude the possibility of cross-reactivity of the mouse and rat probes Osteoblasts cell line labeled with red fluorescent protein and sympathetic neuronal cell line lab...
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Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp Strains Isolated from Chicken Feces and Their Resistance to Antibiotics by Cefotaximase (CTX-M) Enzyme Production
Stéphanie Lynseh Carine Sita Bénao,
Amana Métuor Dabiré,
Rahimatou Yasmine Wendkuni Tiemtoré*,
Pegdwende Abel Sorgho,
Guigma Géraud Joël,
Jacques Simporé
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
5-11
Received:
30 January 2023
Accepted:
28 February 2023
Published:
13 April 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.bmb.20230801.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The Increase in antibiotic resistance is a threat to the world health. Some resistant bacteria have the ability to transfer from animals to humans either through their stool or through their flesh. The spread and emergence of antibiotic resistance is therefore a public health problem. For this study, a total of 101 chickens were randomly selected from the busiest recreation areas of Ouagadougou and fresh chicken droppings taken directly from the animal's intestines were collected. Of the samples analyzed, 78.21% and 9.90% respectively contained Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. For the 10 isolates of Salmonella spp, a resistance to CTX-M of 10%, 10% to CAZ, 10% to CRO and finally 70% resistant to AMC was observed. For the 79 strains of Escherichia coli, it was observed an absence of resistance to CTX-M, 3.79% to CAS, 3.79% to CRO and 84.81% of strain resistant to AMC. Four (4) mutil-resistant strains were identified and resistance genes were observed in 2 of these strains. The study revealed the presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae contained in chicken feces. A high consumption of flambé chickens infected or contaminated by these germs is then likely to increase the risk of development and spread of bacteria resistant to antibiotics in humans.
Abstract: The Increase in antibiotic resistance is a threat to the world health. Some resistant bacteria have the ability to transfer from animals to humans either through their stool or through their flesh. The spread and emergence of antibiotic resistance is therefore a public health problem. For this study, a total of 101 chickens were randomly selected f...
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Evaluation of Some Biochemical Markers among Long Term Herbal Snuff Users in Keffi Town
Abdulkadir Hassan Lawal,
Bawa Yusuf Muhammad,
Muhammad Alhassan Alhassan,
Zaruwa Moses Zira,
Maryam Saeed Otuh
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2023
Pages:
12-20
Received:
2 April 2023
Accepted:
17 April 2023
Published:
27 April 2023
Abstract: The use of Moringa Herbal snuff is growing rapidly in Nigeria. This research study appears to investigate the use of Moringa Herbal snuff and its potential effects on various biochemical markers among snuff users in Keffi town, Nigeria. The study was conducted in three stages, which included an interview survey, phytochemical screening of four claimed Moringa herbal snuff brands, and a study of the effects of snuff consumption on blood pressure, blood glucose levels, liver and kidney function, and hematological parameters. The survey found that a majority of snuff users reported using snuff for headache, vision, and sexual enhancement. Phytochemical screening of the four snuff brands revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, and terpenoids. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of Special Moringa Sundu (SMS) revealed the presence of 27 bioactive compounds, including n- Hexadecanoic acid, nicotine, cotinine, trans-13-Octadecenoic acid, and oleic acid. The study found a significant increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure an hour after snuff consumption compared to blood pressure before consumption in the test groups and the control. Blood glucose levels decreased after snuff consumption compared to levels before consumption. The study also found normal liver function in both test and control groups, but a significant increase in urea in all snuff user groups and an increase in creatinine levels only in chronic users (group 4) compared to the control. The white blood cell level was significantly higher among snuff users than the control. Leucocytes counts were normal compared to the control. Overall, the study suggests that Moringa Herbal snuff may be addictive and that persistent consumption may lead to high blood pressure, type2 diabetes, and predisposition to kidney malfunction.
Abstract: The use of Moringa Herbal snuff is growing rapidly in Nigeria. This research study appears to investigate the use of Moringa Herbal snuff and its potential effects on various biochemical markers among snuff users in Keffi town, Nigeria. The study was conducted in three stages, which included an interview survey, phytochemical screening of four clai...
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